81. What is a Delta Merge?
Delta Merge is a regular database activity which merges the delta stores into the main store.
82. Explain Insert Only on Delta?
Updating and inserting data into a sorted column store table is an expensive activity, as the sort order has to be regenerated and thus the whole table is reorganized each time.
For this reason SAP has tackled this challenge by separating these tables into a Main Store (read-optimized, sorted columns) and Delta Stores (write-optimized, non sorted columns or rows).
- MAIN Store: SAP HANA stores after a merge (=reorganization) all data in a main store organized by columns.
- DELTA 1 Store: Afterwards, all new entries are stored in a delta store which is also organized by columns. However, for speed purposes, the delta store dictionary is not sorted (contrary to the main store).
- If the delta reaches a certain size, it merged back into the main store with the complete dictionary sorted.
- DELTA 2 Store: For recording of high speed event like formula one sensor recording or mass RFID reading, data entry can go to a second delta store, which is organized as a row store. This store works as a very short term input buffer in order not to loose any sensor signal.This second delta store is frequently merged into the first delta store and thus into the main store.
83. How does the performance vary between the Main, Delta1, and Delta2 stores?
The Queries run against all stores simultaneously.
- The main store being the largest but because of the sorted dictionary also is the fastest.
- DELTA 1 is slightly slower for read queries but much faster for inserts.
- DELTA 2 is very fast for insert but much slower for read queries, and therefore kept relatively small.
84. What's orchestration in computing?
Orchestration describes the automated arrangement, coordination, and management of complex computer systems, middleware and services.
85. Explain SAP HANA Software Optimization?
SAP applications are, of course, required to support not only SAP HANA but all databases which are certified for ABAP. For this reason, there is an enhancement in those ABAP programs which are SAP HANA optimized. In a Business Add-in (BAdI), those programs first check for the database in place. In case of SAP HANA, the optimized version is triggered; in the other case the classical ABAP
flow is executed.
Thus there are two versions of certain processes on the application layer:
- Standard ABAP code working on every supported database
- Optimized ABAP code working on SAP HANA only
86. Explain SAP HANA deployment scenarios?
Side-by-side scenario: In the side-by-side scenario, the database tables that are used by the SAP HANA Live products need to be replicated from the corresponding SAP Business Suite back-end system into the SAP HANA database.
Side-by-side scenario: In the side-by-side scenario, the database tables that are used by the SAP HANA Live products need to be replicated from the corresponding SAP Business Suite back-end system into the SAP HANA database.
This is done using SAP Landscape Transformation Replication Server. If you want to execute SAP HANA Live views, the data from the corresponding tables must be available.
Integrated scenario: In the integrated scenario, you do not need to create and replicate the database tables, as they are already available in the SAP HANA database.
They are maintained through the data dictionary of the corresponding ABAP Application Server. Therefore, all steps regarding table creation and data replication are not relevant in this scenario.
87. What is CO-PA (Controlling and Profitability Analysis)?
Profitability Analysis (CO-PA) enables you to evaluate market segments, which can be classified according to products, customers, orders or any combination of these, or strategic business units, such as sales organizations or business areas, with respect to your company's profit or contribution margin.
The aim of the system is to provide your sales, marketing, product management and corporate planning departments with information to support internal accounting and decision-making.
Two forms of Profitability Analysis are supported: costing-based and account-based; both can be used simultaneously.
Costing-based Profitability Analysis is the form of profitability analysis that groups costs and revenues according to value fields and costing-based valuation approaches, both of which you can define yourself. It guarantees you access at all times to a complete, short-term profitability report.
Account-based Profitability Analysis is a form of profitability analysis organized in accounts and using an account-based valuation approach. The distinguishing characteristic of this form is its use of cost and revenue elements. It provides you with a profitability report that is permanently reconciled with financial accounting.
88. Explain SAP HANA Studio?
The SAP HANA Studio is delivered as part of the SAP HANA installation package, and provides an environment for administration, modeling, development and data provisioning.
The SAP HANA studio is a Java-based application that runs on the Eclipse platform.
89. Explain Perspectives in the SAP HANA Studio?
- SAP HANA Modeler: The SAP HANA Modeler perspective is used by Data Architects to create Information Models.
- Administration Console: The Administration Console perspective is used by SAP HANA Administrators to administrate and monitor the whole SAP HANA system.
- Resources: The Resources perspective is used to organize files, such as text files, sql scripts, and so on, by project.
- Other perspectives: Some perspectives in the SAP HANA Studio are designed for HANA applications development, Java development and Lifecycle Management.
90. What's the default SAP HANA system port?
The instance number is a 2-figures number that determines the communication port to the SAP HANA system
For example, if you connect to an SAP HANA system with instance 00, the port used to communicate with the server will be 30015.
For example, if you connect to an SAP HANA system with instance 00, the port used to communicate with the server will be 30015.
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